In doing some elective research on Turkey Mountain, I stumbled onto an article on SouthwestTulsa.org. It's a LONG read, but these three sections were of particular interest to me.
Geological
Notes
The view from the high ridges of Chandler Park changes as
you look in each direction. To the north, just below the ridge, runs the
Arkansas River. Water flows from west to east, along the natural bend in the
river. The bed of the river is wide, indicating a normally slow flow along the
bend. On the north side of the river is the Charles Page Boulevard area, known
to many people as the Sand Springs Line. The “Line” came from the Sand Springs
trolley cars that ran along the north bank from 1911 to 1957. To the east is a
great view of what we call Lookout Mountain, the flatland of West Tulsa and
Garden City. In the distance to the east is Turkey Mountain. On the east bank
of the river is downtown Tulsa and beyond. A clear day offers a view reaching
out far into the distance. To the south is the rolling prairie land of Red
Fork, Carbondale, Opportunity Heights, South Haven and Oakhurst. Just below
Chandler Park is Berryhill, small but growing. On the southwest corner view is
a series of ridges between Berryhill, Sand Springs and Sapulpa. At one time the
area was trees and rocks, but it has given way to development of many kinds as
the new millennium began. For most people the view of this area would be enough
to satisfy their curiosity. But there is much more to the complex makeup under
the thin surface. Why are there ridges here in the first place? Why is the
river bending and shallow? Why did they look for, and find oil and gas all over
the west side? We asked the members of the Tulsa Geological Society for a
description of the west side from their point of view. What can they tell us
about how this place came to be like it is today?
Archeological
Notes
Looking at Southwest Tulsa as far back as 12,000 years ago,
Jenks resident William M. O’Brien has found physical evidence of life here. “I
have heard that materials taken from a nearby petroglyph site have been dated
to about 12,000 B.C.,” he wrote in “The Presence.” In February 1986, he was
shown mortar holes in bedrock and a petroglyph of a right foot in Jenks. “Over
the past decade, I have pursued a theory that some of these (mortar) holes were
used by early cultures as reference points for establishing astronomical
alignments,” he said. He asserts that during 8,450 B.C. a cataclysmic disaster,
possibly an asteroid, snuffed out many plants and animals and it caused massive
ecological change to surface 1,000- 1,500 years later. Further, from 1,500 B.C.
to the Early Historic Period, that an inscription carved in rock in this area,
shows that early Europeans ventured here. “They were Celts, Phoenicians,
Egyptians, and Libyians. They came from Tarshish in Spain, Carthage, upper and
lower, Egypt, England, Ireland and many other parts in Europe,” he wrote.
O’Brien is critical of textbooks which credit the finding of the New World to
Columbus and go on from there. He places the boulder pictured here as 3,000 or
more years old. He calls it the “most significant petroglyph.” An inscription
near the Arkansas River says a man named Gwynn carved it and he had fair hair
and white skin. “Gwynn probably came from Spain on a Phoenician vessel around
500 B.C.” An inscription in north Tulsa has been translated Dec. 10, 1022.
Drawings on cave walls appear to be left by Indians—Comanches, Kiowas or
Pawnee. They show three warriors on horses and one on foot. Horses were
beginning to be introduced in Wyoming in 1690, and the gun was adopted by
Indians around 1700. The cave drawings don’t show guns.
Anthropological
Notes
The Mooser Creek basin holds evidence which may date to a
period from the birth of Christ to 900 A.D. Possibly the site of a Woodland
village, the area has stone tools, grinding sets, and cryptic rock designs,
according to Jean Sinclair of the Tulsa Archaeological Society. The grinding
tools are mortar holes shaped like an inverted cone in rock, monos or rock hand
tools, and rock matates or table surfaces. The most spectacular so far is a 6-8
tabular surface, previously broken. “It is certainly the most speculative,” she
said. Some of the rocks are enclosed to prevent vandalism and tampering. The
Society would love to have access to all of the site to dig ten test holes for
other artifacts, but have so far been limited to the public segment of the
area.
Sinclair urges those interested in these finds to be
cautious about their conclusions. For instance, she points out, what woman
would want to scoop ground flour out of the tight point of the stone mortar? A
deep bent line in one rock may represent the bend in the Arkansas River or it
may be something else. State Archaeologist Dr. Brooks Odell saw the rock
markings and is baffled by their meaning. The society feels the evidence points
to a large long occupation or possibly a village in that Turkey Mountain
forest. “We have concerns about (Indian) pot hunters,” she said. The area needs
to be treated with respect, and the artifacts not moved or damaged. Several
individuals put on an “enrichment cluster” at Remington Elementary last spring
where they demonstrated shucking corn, grinding it and fire building. Dr. Don
Wycoth showed flint-knapping. The cluster was so popular that it drew
youngsters from other clusters. Speaking of flint, Sinclair has a flint-edged
scraper from the area. The closest place to find flint in those days was what
is today Kansas.